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To evaluate the short-term and longer-term safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of neoadjuvant and adjuvant Pembrolizumab on top of standard therapy (Stupp protocol) in patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM). Randomized comparison of safety, tolerability, and clinical efficacy of (1) neoadjuvant and adjuvant Pembrolizumab (on top of Stupp protocol, n=12 patients), (2) neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab (on top of Stupp protocol, n=12 patients), and (3) standard of care (Stupp protocol only, n=12 patients). Immuno-PET examination will be performed before and after surgery in all patients.
To determine the long term outcomes of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection (ESD), Endoscopic Full Thickness Resection (EFTR) and Submucosal-Tunnelling Endoscopic Resection (STER) for upper gastrointestinal neoplastic lesions
Gliomas represent the most frequent primary brain tumor, with 2,500 to 3,000 new cases per year in France. Their diagnosis, although highly complex, is essential for determining patient management. While grade I gliomas (infrequent) are curable by surgery or present a slow progression, grades II to IV require heavy treatment (surgery and radio-chemotherapy), and are associated with a prognosis ranging from 10-15 years for grade II to only 15 months for glioblastoma. One of the key processes in glioma oncogenesis is the activation of a telomeric maintenance mechanism (TMM). Two TMMs ensure the maintenance of a telomere size compatible with intense cell proliferation (TERT...
Primary and secondary brain tumors are a constant challenge for the medicine. Tissue sensitivity to ionizing radiation differs and depends on numerous factors and the same dose of radiation may produce different effects in particular structures of the CNS. It can also affect the surrounding healthy tissues and lead to adverse effects like the cognitive or physical function impairment. One of brain structures most sensitive to ionizing radiation is the limbic system, especially the hippocampus, because it is here that the postnatal neurogenesis takes place via neural stem cells, which are a self-renewing population of precursor cells. There have been no studies that...
The incidence of brain metastases is expected to increase because of better treatments of primary tumours. Novel diagnostic and therapeutic techniques are continuously being developed, all of which need thorough evaluation before they can be implemented in clinical routine. Randomized Controlled Trials are the gold standard to do so, but they have shown many challenges, especially when applied in a cancer setting. .The 'cohort multiple Randomized Controlled Trial (cmRCT)' design is a promising design for multiple (simultaneous) randomized evaluations of experimental interventions, with potential for increased recruitment, comparability and long-term outcomes as a standard. This...
Patients suffering from malignancies in advanced stages often develop brain metastases, which limit both the life span and the quality of life. Therapy options for multiple brain metastases may vary and range from stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT), chemotherapy, immunotherapy to palliative best supportive care. Especially the efficacy and toxicity of SRS compared to WBRT in patients with extensive brain metastases (>4) is not yet clear but of incremental relevance in this seriously ill cohort with a limited life span. These health-impaired patients might especially profit from a less toxic treatment that is also time sparing with 1 or few sessions...
The researchers plain to build a large-scale, longitudinal, prospective cohort characterized by TCM dampness syndrome. With the biobank of this cohort the investigators want to find the causality between TCM dampness syndrome and clinical chronic diseases and a new way to treat clinical disease.
Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors originating from catecholamine producing chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla and extra-adrenal paraganglia. The overall age-standardized incidence rate is 0.18 per 100,000 person-years in Korea. The definitive treatment of PPGL is surgical excision of tumor. However, surgery is associated with a high risk of perioperative hemodynamic instability (HI). To avoid perioperative HI in patients diagnosed with PPGL, preoperative management including routine use of alpha blockade and volume expansion has been advocated by several guidelines. While unstable hypertension and tachycardia should be controlled in...
To assess the effect of web-based 360° Virtual Reality movies on fear and anxiety, The investigators would like to assess the patient-perceived level of fear and anxiety quantitatively, making use of several questionnaires.
Background: The gut microbiome is made up microorganisms. These include the good and bad bacteria that live in the digestive tract. Changes in the gut microbiome have been linked to the development of cancer. Researchers want to learn more about the effects of modulating the microbiome with diet and exercise. Objective: To see if nutritional intake and physical activity change the gut microbiome in people with melanoma. Eligibility: Adults age 18 and older with previously untreated melanoma who will be getting immunotherapy treatment for their disease. Design: Participants will not have visits at NIH. They will have phone calls or videocalls. Participants will...
