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Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors originating from catecholamine producing chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla and extra-adrenal paraganglia. The overall age-standardized incidence rate is 0.18 per 100,000 person-years in Korea. The definitive treatment of PPGL is surgical excision of tumor. However, surgery is associated with a high risk of perioperative hemodynamic instability (HI). To avoid perioperative HI in patients diagnosed with PPGL, preoperative management including routine use of alpha blockade and volume expansion has been advocated by several guidelines. While unstable hypertension and tachycardia should be controlled in...
To assess the effect of web-based 360° Virtual Reality movies on fear and anxiety, The investigators would like to assess the patient-perceived level of fear and anxiety quantitatively, making use of several questionnaires.
Background: The gut microbiome is made up microorganisms. These include the good and bad bacteria that live in the digestive tract. Changes in the gut microbiome have been linked to the development of cancer. Researchers want to learn more about the effects of modulating the microbiome with diet and exercise. Objective: To see if nutritional intake and physical activity change the gut microbiome in people with melanoma. Eligibility: Adults age 18 and older with previously untreated melanoma who will be getting immunotherapy treatment for their disease. Design: Participants will not have visits at NIH. They will have phone calls or videocalls. Participants will...
This study is a randomized controlled trial of electroacupuncture (referred to as EA) versus sham acupuncture (referred to as EA) as effective treatments for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy/CIPN pain in cancer survivors.
GLP-1 analogs are used as agents in the existing treatment of obesity. However, there are lack of previous reports on the effectiveness and role of GLP-1 analogs in the development of obesity traits in patients with functionally impaired hypothalamus. With this preliminary study, the investigators would explore the role of GLP-1 analogues to identify eating behavioral pathology subtype differences in the therapeutic efficacy of GLP-1 analogues in hypothalamic obesity patients. This will allow us to identify the role of specific nuclei which could be the pathogenesis of hypothalamic obesity. Our hypotheses: GLP-1 analogs will effectively induce weight loss in patients...
The purpose of this study is to test whether yoga can reduce nerve pain caused by cancer treatment (chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, or CIPN). Participants will take one of three approaches: - Yoga classes - Educational sessions on the causes and impacts of CIPN, how yoga may help with CIPN, and how different therapies may help with CIPN - Usual care with standard-of-care medications for CIPN The researchers will compare how these different approaches affect participants' balance, their risk of falls, and their quality of life. This study will also measure how much yoga can help the reduced sense of touch caused by CIPN. The functional...
This research is a prospective cohort study. The aim of the study is to determine different levels of sedative mechanism and the effect on brain functional connectivity of midazolam, dexmedetomidine and propofol.
The goal of this clinical trial is to test the effect of a drug called tranexamic acid (TXA) on reducing blood loss in participants undergoing surgery to remove brain tumors. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Does TXA 20 mg/kg IV bolus of TXA, and 1 mg/kg/hr infusion of TXA reduce the amount of estimated blood loss during surgery? 2. Does TXA 20 mg/kg IV bolus of TXA, and 1 mg/kg/hr infusion of TXA prevent re-operation, disability or death related to bleeding inside the head during and after surgery? Participants are randomized to receive 20 mg/kg IV bolus of TXA or matching placebo within 30 minutes of start of surger, and then 1 mg/kg/hr...
1. Eligible participants were assessed prior to anesthesia. After the patient is admitted to the hospital, the subject's consent form is explained, and the consent form must be signed before the operation. 2. This is a two-arm, parallel-group randomized clinical trial.In the preoperative waiting area, the patients are randomly assigned and divided into two groups according to the allocation sequence table (corresponding to 1:1 randomization) generated by the computer. The propofol group was both induced and maintained at an effect-site concentration (Ce) of 2.0-4.0 mcg/mL by a target-controlled infusion (TCI) system. The sevoflurane group...
The aim of the study was to determine whether the use of different mechanical ventilation modes in patients with Trendelenburg position and CO2 insufflation affects respiration and cerebral oxygenation due to postoperative atelectasis, and was to determine whether there was any hemodynamic effect.
