Inclusion Criteria:
1. Unresectable advanced or metastatic clear cell or non-clear cell RCC; all histologies
acceptable except for chromophobe RCC. 2. Brain metastases present, meeting the following criteria:
1. At least 1 brain metastasis measuring ≥0.5cm in any dimension (intracranial
RANO-BM measurable disease required)
2. SRS is indicated per treating radiation oncologist. 3. Surgical intervention for brain metastases is not planned. 3. Able to undergo MRI Brain assessments for radiation planning.
4. Availability of archival tissue that enables the definitive diagnosis of RCC,
accompanied by an associated pathology report. If archival tissue cannot be obtained,
PI to provide documented confirmation patient can still enroll onto the study.
Specimens can be collected by surgical resection or biopsy of the primary tumor or
biopsy or resection of a metastatic lesion.
5. Age ≥18 years. 6. KPS ≥ 80. 7. Adequate hematologic and end organ function, defined by the following laboratory
results obtained within 14 days prior to the first study treatment:
1. ANC ≥ 1500 cells/μL (without granulocyte colony stimulating factor support within
2 weeks prior to Cycle 1, Day 1)
2. WBC counts ≥ 2500/μL. 3. Lymphocyte count ≥ 500/μL. 4. Platelet count ≥100,000/μL (without transfusion within 2 weeks prior to Cycle 1,
Day 1)
5. Hemoglobin ≥9.0 g/dL o Patients may be transfused or receive erythropoietic
treatment to meet this criterion.
8. AST, ALT, and alkaline phosphatase ≤ 2.5 x ULN, with the following exceptions:
1. Patients with documented liver metastases: AST and/or ALT ≤ 5 x ULN. 2. Patients with documented liver or bone metastases: alkaline phosphatase ≤ 5 x ULN. 9. Serum bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x ULN. 10. Patients with known Gilbert disease who have serum bilirubin level ≤ 3 x ULN may be-
enrolled.
11. INR and aPTT ≤ 1.5 x ULN. a. This applies only to patients who are not receiving therapeutic anticoagulation;
patients receiving therapeutic anticoagulation should be on a stable dose.
12. Creatinine ≤ 1.5 x ULN or Calculated Creatinine clearance ≥ 30mL/min by institutional
standard measurement. 13. For women who are not postmenopausal (12 months of amenorrhea) or surgically sterile
(absence of ovaries and/or uterus): agreement to use two adequate methods of
contraception, including at least one method with a failure rate of ≥ 1% per year. 14. If any Grade ≥1 toxicities occurred in relation to prior treatment, patients must have
recovered to baseline or ≤ Grade 1 unless adverse events are clinically insignificant
or stable on supportive medication if needed.
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Prior treatment with cabozantinib for RCC. 2. Receipt of any small molecule kinase inhibitor (including investigational) or
VEGFtargeted therapy within 2 weeks before the first dose of study treatment. o 2-week washout period was selected in order to facilitate rapid enrollment and
treatment of patients given the target population with active brain metastases.
3. Patients requiring whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT).
4. Any prior brain radiotherapy within 28 days prior to enrollment. 5. Incomplete healing from prior radiotherapy as determined by the treating radiation
oncologist or treating investigator. 6. Diagnosis of autoimmune condition that may worsen during immune checkpoint blockade,
with the following exceptions:
o Diabetes type I, vitiligo, psoriasis, hypo- or hyperthyroid disease not requiring
immunosuppressive treatment are eligible.
7. Any active or suspected autoimmune disease requiring systemic steroids > 10 mg daily
prednisone (or equivalent) or other immunosuppression, except for:
- - those not expected to reoccur.
- - Chronic physiologic replacement of ≤10mg prednisone (or equivalent) for treatment
of adrenal insufficiency.
- - Steroids required for pre-medication reactions.
- - Local steroid use is permitted (e.g. intranasal, topical, inhaled, or local
steroid injection, i.e. intra-articular)
8.
Uncontrolled pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, or ascites requiring recurrent
drainage procedures. 9. Uncontrolled hypercalcemia (≥ 1.5 mmol/L ionized calcium or Ca ≥ 12 mg/dL or corrected
serum calcium ≥ ULN) or symptomatic hypercalcemia requiring continued use of
bisphosphonate therapy or denosumab. 10. Participation in an experimental drug study within 28 days of study enrollment. 11. Pregnant and lactating women. 12. History of severe allergic, anaphylactic, or other hypersensitivity reactions to
chimeric or humanized antibodies or fusion proteins. 13. Significant cardiovascular disease, such as New York Heart Association cardiac disease
(Class II or greater), myocardial infarction within the previous 3 months, unstable
arrhythmias, unstable angina, or EF < 50%
o Patients with known coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure not meeting
the above criteria must be on a stable medical regimen that is optimized in the
opinion of the treating physician, in consultation with a cardiologist if appropriate.
14. Uncontrolled hypertension (>140 mm Hg systolic or >90 mm Hg diastolic) despite optimal
antihypertensive treatment. 15. QTcF > 500 msec within 28 days before the first dose of study treatment. 16. Major surgical procedure within 14 days prior to Cycle 1, Day 1 or anticipation of
need for a major surgical procedure during the course of the study. o Patients must have completed wound healing from major or minor surgery before first
dose of study treatment. 17. History of stroke or transient ischemic attack within 6 months prior to Cycle 1, Day 1. 18. Significant vascular disease (e.g., aortic aneurysm requiring surgical repair or
recent peripheral arterial thrombosis) within 6 months prior to Cycle 1, Day 1. 19. Evidence of bleeding diathesis or significant coagulopathy (in the absence of
therapeutic anticoagulation)
o Clinically significant hematuria, hematemesis, or hemoptysis of >0.5 tsp (2.5ml) of
red blood or other history of significant bleeding within 12 weeks before first dose
of study treatment.
20. Clinical signs or symptoms of gastrointestinal obstruction or requirement for routine
parenteral hydration, parenteral nutrition, or tube feeding. 21. Evidence of abdominal free air not explained by paracentesis or recent surgical
procedure. 22. Serious, non-healing or dehiscing wound, active ulcer, or untreated bone fracture. 23. Concomitant anticoagulation with coumarin agents, direct thrombin inhibitors, factor
Xa inhibitor betrixaban, or platelet inhibitors. Other anticoagulants are allowed.
24. Abdominal fistula, GI perforation, bowel obstruction, or intra-abdominal abscess
within 6 months before first dose of study treatment.
o Complete healing of intra-abdominal abscess must be confirmed before the first dose
of study treatment. 25. Cavitating pulmonary lesion(s) or known endotracheal or endobronchial disease
manifestation. 26. Lesions invading or encasing major blood vessels. 27. Uncompensated or symptomatic hypothyroidism. 28. History of solid organ or allogeneic stem cell transplant. 29. Clinically significant active infection including HIV, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, acute
COVID-19 infection, or other.
- - For patients with HIV infection, clinically significant/exclusionary features
include: detectable viral load, CD4+ T cell count <300 cells/microL, or history
of opportunistic infection.
- - For patients with HBV infection, clinically significant/exclusionary features
include: HBV surface antigen positivity, detectable HBV DNA by polymerase chain
reaction (PCR).
Patients with prior HBV infection (HBV core Ab positive, HBV DNA
undetectable by PCR, HBV surface antigen negative) are eligible for the study if
they are already stable on entecavir or tenofovir. 30. Inability to swallow tablets. 31. Previously identified allergy or hypersensitivity to components of the treatment. 32. Malignancy that requires anti-cancer directed therapy within the last 3 years.
Exceptions include those cancers that are considered cured by local therapy (e.g.
Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, ductal carcinoma in situ of breast,
bladder, or cervix) or other cancers that have low malignant potential and do not
require systemic therapy (e.g. Gleason grade <6 prostate adenocarcinoma)
33. Patients in whom nivolumab treatment is not otherwise feasible (for example, for
financial reasons)
