Inclusion Criteria:
1. Male and female subjects age 18 years and older who are able to sign informed consent
and comply with the protocol. 2. Patients with histologically or cytologically documented, locally advanced, or
metastatic solid tumor malignancy that has either:
1. failed prior standard therapy; or. 2. exhausted all existing standard therapy; or. 3. standard therapy is not considered appropriate per subject and/or investigator.
No limitation on the lines of previous standard therapy received.
3. Patients with asymptomatic or symptomatic but stable brain metastases or CNS primary
malignancies who meet following criteria specifically:
- - Asymptomatic, brain metastases or primary CNS tumors;
- Stable symptomatic brain metastases or CNS primary tumors not requiring steroids
treatment or receiving steroids treatment (dexamethasone or equivalent) with
total daily dosage no more than 4 mg, with a stable or reduced dosage of steroids
within 2 weeks prior to the planned first dose.
4. ECOG performance score of 0 or 1, or Karnofsky performance score of ≥ 70.
5. ≥ 3 months life expectancy. 6. Receiving no blood transfusions or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) or
other hematopoietic stimulating factors within 2 weeks prior to the planned first
dosing. Adequate organ function confirmed at screening as evidenced by:
- - Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) ≥ 1.5 × 10^9/L.
- - Hemoglobin (Hgb) ≥ 90 g/dL.
- - Platelets (Plt) ≥ 75 ×10^9/L.
- - AST/ALT ≤ 2.5 × Upper Limit of Normal (ULN) or ≤ 5.0 × ULN if liver metastases
are present.
- - Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 × ULN, or direct bilirubin < ULN (for patients with total
bilirubin levels >1.5 ×ULN)
- Calculated creatinine clearance ≥ 60 mL/min.
- - International normalized ratio (INR) and activated partial thromboplastin time
(APTT) ≤ 1.5 × ULN, if received no anti-coagulation medication(s); INR ) ≤ ULN,
if received anti-coagulation medication(s).
- - Average QTcF ≤ 470 ms per Fridericia formula.
7. Negative Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) at screening, or positive HBsAg with HBV
DNA below LLN.
Notes: Manage HBsAg positive subject according to the institutional standard practices
(i.e., monitor HBV DNA, prescribe anti-HBV therapy as needed, etc.)
8. Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) viral load below limit of quantification at screening, or
positive HCV antibody with negative HCV-RNA.
Notes: Only conduct HCV antibody and/or HCV-RNA assay in the subjects with prior
history of HCV infection.
9. Negative HIV at screening, or patients with prior history of HIV infection, CD4+
T-cell (CD4+) counts ≥ 350 cells/μL and without a history of AIDS-defining
opportunistic infections.
10. Negative serum pregnancy test within 72 hours before starting study treatment in all
pre-menopausal women and women < 12 months after the onset of menopause. 11. Must agree to take sufficient contraceptive methods to avoid pregnancy, starting from
the consent until 3 months post receiving the last dose of study drug. 12. Able to swallow capsule as a whole. 13. [Dose Escalation Cohorts Only] Subject with evaluable but not measurable lesion is
allowed for enrollment.
14. [Dose Expansion Cohorts Only] Subject must have at least one measurable lesion,
intracranial or extracranial, detected at the baseline assessment by RECIST V1.1
criteria for solid tumors or the RANO criteria for primary CNS tumors, such as
gliomas.
- - The lesion(s) exposed to previous radiation cannot be selected as target
lesion(s) at baseline assessment, unless obvious progression of the lesion(s) can
be proved via the imaging assessment;
- For solid tumor brain metastases lesions:
- If the longest diameter of the measurable intracranial lesion is < 0.5 cm, then
at least one extracranial measurable lesion should exist [Dose Expansion cohorts
only];
- Measurable brain lesions that are 0.5 - 3 cm in longest diameter as defined by
the modified RECIST V1.1 criteria are allowed.
- - Brain lesion size > 3 cm is not eligible.
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Women who are pregnant or breast-feeding.
2. Have leptomeningeal disease (LMD).
3. Have a history of stroke within 6 months prior to the first dose.
4. Have impaired cardiac function or clinically significant cardiovascular disease(s)
including but not limited to any of the following:
- - Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 50% as determined by cardiac
ultrasound.
- - Congenital long QT syndrome.
- - Grade 2 type II AV block or grade 3 AV block.
- - Unstable angina within 6 months prior to the first dose.
- - Acute myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to the first dose.
- - ≥ Class III heart failure per New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional
classification within 6 months prior to the first dose.
- - ≥ CTCAE Grade 2 ventricular arrhythmia within 6 months prior to study initiation.
5. Have uncontrolled hypertension at screening, with systolic blood pressure > 160 mmHg
or diastolic blood pressure > 100 mmHg after receiving anti-hypertension treatment.
6. Have unresolved ≥ CTCAE Grade 2 diarrhea at the time of the first dose; or have
gastrointestinal impairment conditions or diseases that significantly alter ABM-168
absorption at screening per investigator (e.g., ulcerative disease, poorly controlled
nausea, vomiting, malabsorption syndrome, or small intestine dissection)
7. Have ≥ CTCAE Grade 2 eye diseases at screening, such as conjunctival mixed cellular
inflammation, corneal ulcer.
8. Have severe chronic or active infection requiring intravenous antibiotic treatment(s)
within 2 weeks prior to the first dose, including but not limited to hospitalization
due to infection complications, bacteremia, severe pneumonia or active tuberculosis.
Notes:
- - Subjects with topical fungal infection of the skin or nails are eligible for
study enrollment.
- - Subjects receiving prophylactic antibiotics (e.g., to prevent urinary tract
infections or exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), except for
the antibiotics prohibited per protocol, are eligible for study enrollment.
9. Received solid organ or hematopoietic bone marrow/stem cell transplantation within 5
years prior to the screening.
10. Received chemotherapy, targeted therapy or immunotherapy within 4 weeks prior to the
first dose, except for fluorouracil or small molecule target therapy.
Notes: Fluorouracil or small molecule target therapy received within five half-life or
2 weeks (whichever is longer) prior to the first dose is not allowed.
11. Received anti-tumor Chinese herbal medicines or proprietary Chinese medicines within 2
weeks prior to the first dose.
12. Received extensive prior radiotherapy to more than 30% of bone marrow reserves; or
received Whole Brain Radiation Therapy (WBRT) within 4 weeks prior to the first dose;
or received palliative radiotherapy for non-target lesions (e.g., bone radiotherapy
for pain relief), including stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and stereotactic
radiosurgery (SRS) within 2 weeks prior to the first dose.
13. Have adverse reactions related to previous anti-tumor therapy that have not recovered
to ≤ CTCAE Grade 1 or previous baseline at screening.
Notes: Subjects with alopecia, or ≤ CTCAE Grade 2 peripheral neuropathy, or
hypothyroidism stabilized by hormone replacement therapy, etc. are allowed for the
enrollment.
14. Have undergone major surgery within 4 weeks prior to the first dose, or have not
recovered from the side effects of major surgery, or expect to receive major surgery
during study treatment.
Notes: For subject who has recovered from major surgery per investigator, a minimum of
2 weeks washout between the major surgery and the first dose is required.
15. Received therapeutic doses of warfarin sodium or any other coumarin derivative
anticoagulant at screening.
16. Received systemic corticosteroids within 2 weeks prior to the first dose, or not
recovered from adverse effects of previous corticosteroids treatment, except those as
described in the inclusion criteria for subjects with brain metastases.
Notes: Subjects who received topical, intranasal or inhaled glucocorticoids; or
subjects who received physiologic dose of steroids for adrenal replacement; subjects
who received single-use glucocorticoids for the prevention of contrast medium allergy
prior to the imaging enhancement examinations are eligible for study enrollment.
17. Have history of alcohol abuse or alcohol addiction within 3 months prior to the first
dose.
18. Have known, documented, or suspected history of substance abuse, except for opioids
etc. prescribed for pain relief.
19. Have past or current evidence of conditions that may affect the study results per
investigator, or any conditions, treatment or laboratory abnormalities that may
interfere with the subject's participation in the trial and study compliance.
20. Other severe and/or poorly controlled concomitant diseases that may cause unacceptable
safety risks or affect compliance with the study protocol.
21. History of immunodeficiency, including a positive HIV antibody test.
22. Other circumstances deemed as not suitable for study enrollment per investigator.
