Inclusion Criteria:
- - Patients must have histologically or cytologically confirmed metastatic, unresectable
well- or moderately-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) of any
grade.
- - Patients with measurable disease appropriate for lutetium Lu 177 dotatate treatment as
determined by positive screening with SSR PET/CT.
- - Patients may have disease progression on or intolerance of up to one line of systemic
therapy other than somatostatin analog therapy.
Prior and/or concurrent use of
somatostatin analogs are allowed.
- - Patients who have documented disease progression per RECIST 1.1 within 12 months of
initiation of the study protocol.
Because no dosing or adverse event data are currently available on
the use of sunitinib malate in combination with lutetium Lu 177 dotatate in patients <
18 years of age, children are excluded from this study.
- - Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status =< 2 (Karnofsky >= 60%)
- Absolute neutrophil count >= 1,000/mcL.
- - Platelets >= 75,000/mcL.
- - Total bilirubin =< 1.5 institutional upper limit of normal (ULN)
- Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase
[SGOT])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase [SGPT])
=< 3 × institutional ULN.
- - Creatinine clearance > 50 ml/min OR Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) >= 60 mL/min/1.73
m^2.
- - White blood cell count > 2000/mL.
- - Serum calcium =< 12.0 mg/dL.
- - Patients with known history or current symptoms of cardiac disease, or history of
treatment with cardiotoxic agents, should have a clinical risk assessment of cardiac
function using the New York Heart Association Functional Classification.
To be
eligible for this trial, patients should be class 2B or better.
- - Patients must have blood pressure (BP) no greater than 140 mmHg (systolic) and 90 mmHg
(diastolic) for eligibility.
Initiation or adjustment of BP medication is permitted
prior to study entry, provided that the average of three BP readings at a visit prior
to enrollment is less than 140/90 mmHg.
- - Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on effective anti-retroviral
therapy with undetectable viral load within 6 months are eligible for this trial.
- - For patients with evidence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the HBV viral
load must be undetectable on suppressive therapy, if indicated.
- - Patients with a history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection must have been treated
and cured.
For patients with HCV infection who are currently on treatment, they are
eligible if they have an undetectable HCV viral load.
- - Patients with treated brain metastases are eligible if follow-up brain imaging after
central nervous system (CNS)-directed therapy shows no evidence of progression, as
determined by a repeat imaging study at least 4 weeks following the completion of
treatment.
Patients with treated brain metastases must also be off steroids for at
least 1 month and stable.
- - Patients with a prior or concurrent malignancy whose natural history or treatment does
not have the potential to interfere with the safety or efficacy assessment of the
investigational regimen are eligible for this trial.
- - The effects of lutetium Lu 177 dotatate and sunitinib malate on the developing human
fetus at the recommended therapeutic dose are unknown.
For this reason and because
radionucleotides and anti-angiogenic agents are known to be teratogenic, women of
childbearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception (hormonal or
barrier method of birth control; abstinence) prior to study entry and for the duration
of study participation. All women of childbearing potential must have a negative
pregnancy test prior to receiving sunitinib malate. Should a woman become pregnant or
suspect she is pregnant while participating in this study, she should inform her
treating physician immediately. Men treated or enrolled on this protocol must also
agree to use adequate contraception prior to the study, for the duration of study
participation, and 4 months after completion of lutetium Lu 177 dotatate and sunitinib
malate administration.
Exclusion Criteria:
- - Patients who have not recovered from acute clinically significant adverse events due
to prior anti-cancer therapy (i.e., have residual toxicities > grade 1) with the
exception of alopecia.
- - Patients who are receiving any other investigational agents.
- - History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic
composition to sunitinib malate or lutetium Lu 177 dotatate.
- - Patients who require use of therapeutic doses of coumarin-derivative anticoagulants
such as warfarin are excluded, although doses of up to 2 mg daily are permitted for
prophylaxis of thrombosis.
Note: Low molecular weight heparin is permitted provided
the patient's prothrombin time (PT) international normalized ratio (INR) is =< 1.5.
- - Patients with any condition (e.g., gastrointestinal tract disease resulting in an
inability to take oral medication or a requirement for IV alimentation, prior surgical
procedures affecting absorption, or active peptic ulcer disease) that impairs their
ability to swallow and retain sunitinib tablets are excluded.
- - Patients with any of the following conditions are excluded:
- Serious or non-healing wound, ulcer, or bone fracture.
- - History of abdominal fistula, gastrointestinal perforation, or intra-abdominal
abscess within 28 days of treatment.
- - Any history of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or transient ischemic attack within
12 months prior to study entry.
- - History of myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmia, stable/unstable angina,
symptomatic congestive heart failure, or coronary/peripheral artery bypass graft
or stenting within 12 months prior to study entry.
- - History of pulmonary embolism within the past 12 months.
- - Class III or IV heart failure as defined by the New York Heart Association Class
(NYHA) functional classification system.
- - Patients receiving any medications or substances that are strong CYP3A4 inhibitors
within 7 days before dosing, or strong CYP3A4 inducers within 12 days before dosing,
are ineligible as sunitinib is a major substrate of CYP3A4.
Because the lists of these
agents are constantly changing, it is important to regularly consult a
frequently-updated medical reference. As part of the enrollment/informed consent
procedures, the patient will be counseled on the risk of interactions with other
agents, and what to do if new medications need to be prescribed or if the patient is
considering a new over-the-counter medicine or herbal product.
- - Patients with a pre-existing thyroid abnormality who are unable to maintain thyroid
function in the normal range with medication are ineligible.
- - Patients with uncontrolled intercurrent illness.
- - Pregnant women are excluded from this study because sunitinib malate is an
anti-angiogenic agent and lutetium Lu 177 dotatate is a peptide receptor radionuclide
therapy with the potential for teratogenic or abortifacient effects.
Because there is
an unknown but potential risk for adverse events in nursing infants secondary to
treatment of the mother with sunitinib malate and lutetium Lu 177 dotatate,
breastfeeding should be discontinued if the mother is treated with sunitinib malate
and lutetium Lu 177 dotatate. Breastfeeding should be discontinued for 2.5 months
following the last lutetium Lu 177 dotatate treatment. These potential risks may also
apply to other agents used in this study.
- - Patients who have had prior treatment with sunitinib malate or lutetium Lu 177
dotatate therapy or other radiopharmaceuticals (including, but not limited to,
metaiodobenzylguanidine [MIBG], yttrium-90 [Y-90], radioactive iodide [RAI]), as MIBG
and RAI could potentially increase risk of myelodysplastic syndrome or irreversible
hematologic toxicities.
- Patients with left ventricular ejection fraction of 50% or less